2014Na23486 Compensation for damages

1.A

Kimcheon-si, Yong-Nam

2.B

Kimcheon-sik-ro

[Judgment of the court below]

Gyeongsan-si Gyeongsan-si

Representative D

Attorney Nam-jin et al., Counsel for the defendant

Daegu District Court Decision 2014Gahap256 Decided December 5, 2014

July 2, 2015

July 23, 2015

1. All appeals filed by the plaintiffs are dismissed.

2. The costs of appeal are assessed against the Plaintiffs.

The judgment of the first instance shall be revoked. The defendant shall pay to the plaintiff A 42,738,504 won, 76,295,619 won, and 20% interest per annum from December 17, 2013 to the date of the first instance judgment, and 5% interest per annum from the following day to the date of full payment.

1. Basic facts

A. The Minister of Construction and Transportation, for the purpose of the construction of an innovation city to relocate a public agency to a local area, has designated the Gyeongcheon Innovation City Development Project District (hereinafter referred to as the “instant District”) from the Gyeongcheon-si, Gyeongnam-si, Ronam-ri, Masan-ri, and the Gyeongcheon Innovation City Development District (hereinafter referred to as the “instant District”). The project implementer designated the Korea Land Corporation and the Defendant.

B. On May 27, 2009, the Korea Land Corporation and the Defendant published a supply announcement to supply land for neighborhood living facilities within the instant district to persons eligible for the supply of land for countermeasures against daily life. Of the content of the supply announcement, the parts related to the instant case are as follows.

[Main Contents of Public Notice of Supply of the 209.5.27]

(The main contents of the notice of supply made on May 27, 2009, 10.10. Land use and transfer of ownership, etc. A. The consent to land use can only be made after the date of land use (as of October 30, 2012) only when the full payment of the purchase price is made. However, the transfer of ownership can be somewhat changed depending on the progress of site creation works, such as the investigation of cultural heritage excavation, etc.

.12. Other consideration may be made on December 31, 2012 after the completion of fraudulent interest. Other consideration may be made. In the case of application for parcelling-out, this public notice, development plans and implementation plans, various impact assessment methods, such as environmental and traffic, district unit planning, energy use planning, and construction-related laws and regulations (including municipal ordinances) shall be perused and verified in advance (including subsequent changes) and the responsibility arises due to failure to comply with the construction-related laws and regulations shall be determined by the purchaser. The purchaser shall be liable for the failure to comply with the construction plan, current status (including shape, high-water, soil quality, current condition, rocks, retaining walls, construction plans, etc.) and the construction site location conditions inside and outside of the project district, and the contract shall be concluded on condition that the maximum building-to-land ratio is 0% of the total building-to-land size of the building site and the total building-to-land ratio of the building site to be located within the boundary of the project district.

A person shall be appointed.

(c) A person between the defendant on June 22, 2009, who is composed of persons eligible for the supply of land for livelihood countermeasures.

【Supplementary Materials】

A newly entered into a land sales contract (hereinafter referred to as "the first sale contract") with the Defendant for the purchase price of KRW 480,280,000 (hereinafter referred to as "the first sale contract") of KRW 30-1 block neighborhood living facilities in the instant district. On August 28, 2009, Plaintiff B entered into a contract with the Defendant to succeed to the rights and obligations relating to the first sale contract. The main contents of the first sale contract are as follows.

(2) If the buyer fails to pay the price under paragraph (2) by the agreed date, the buyer shall pay the delayed price in addition to the delay damages as follows: Article 5 (Number of Construction Works by the Site Development Project) ① If the buyer is supplied with the land for the purpose of construction project before the completion of the site development project, the buyer shall inevitably limit the land use resulting from the site development project, or give other disadvantages. In this case, the buyer shall delay the time of the delayed use of the land due to the seller’s failure to faithfully perform the construction project, but the time of the delayed use of the land is due to the seller’s failure to pay the price under paragraph (2) by the agreed date:

The Do Governor shall pay the amount calculated by applying the rate of delay compensation under Article 2 to the purchaser or substitute the payment for the payment of the already paid purchase price after deducting the amount from the purchase price to be paid by the purchaser: Provided, That the foregoing shall not apply where the delay is due to any of the following reasons, without any cause attributable to the seller; 2. Changes in the plan or policy of the State or a local government; 3. Changes in the plan or policy of the State or the local government; 4. Natural disasters such as a natural disaster, such as a typhoon, tidal wave, flood, etc.; 5. Where the person having the authority to approve the implementation plan deems it inevitable to extend the project period due to any other cause corresponding to subparagraphs 1 through 4;

D. On July 6, 2009, the Defendant publicly announced the supply of multi-family housing including neighborhood living facilities, detached houses, and kindergarten sites. Of the content of the supply announcement, the parts related to the instant case are as follows.

【The main contents of the notice of supply made on July 6, 2009. 8. The time of land use, the settlement of the area, the transfer of ownership, and the change of ownership (prescheduled to be used on October 30, 2012) is the time when land use is possible (predetermined to be used on October 30, 2012).E. The transfer of ownership is possible after full payment of the purchase price and completion of construction (predetermined to be made on December 31, 2012) and cadastral and public records are completed. The other matters are the subject of consideration. Before applying for purchase, the buyer has to peruse and confirm in advance the details of the approval of the development plan and the implementation plan and the details of the district unit plan prior to the application for purchase.

[Main Issues of Supply Notice of July 6, 2009]

Icece. (f) No innovation city is supplied in the state of completion of a development project. It is possible to modify the matters such as authorization and permission of the development plan, implementation plan, etc. of the project district due to the implementation of the contents of consultation, modification of the contents of consultation, etc. of the development plan, implementation plan, etc. of the project district due to the excavation and investigation of cultural heritage; accordingly, the land use plan (number of households, floor area ratio, size, etc.), and the use of surrounding land may be modified; accordingly, the purchaser shall be free to seal the details of the change.The created land is a district unit planning zone under the National Land Planning and Utilization Act, under which various impact assessment, such as traffic, environment, and population, (including the details of the change), development plan and implementation plan (including the conditions of the plan, implementation plan, etc.), the conditions of the implementation plan, district unit plan, etc., the development plan and implementation plan, etc., which are related to the use of land in the implementation plan, and if the details of the plan do not comply with any other relevant laws and regulations, including the Building Act and regulations.

E. On July 23, 2009, Plaintiff A entered into a contract for the purchase of 28-1 block neighborhood living facilities (general) within the instant district from the Defendant (hereinafter referred to as “2 land”) with the Defendant for KRW 550 million (hereinafter referred to as “each land of the instant case”). Plaintiff A entered into a contract for the second purchase of KRW 540,90 million (hereinafter referred to as “the second contract for the first and second contracts for the sale; hereinafter referred to as “each of the instant contracts for the sale”). Plaintiff A succeeded to 1/4 of each of the rights under the contract for the sale and purchase to E and F on August 14, 2012, and paid 22/4 of the outstanding share holders. The major contents of the contract for the second sale and purchase are KRW 540,900,000,000, KRW 1509, KRW 2081,500,000,000, KRW 3015,51.29

F. Of the approval and notice of the execution plan of September 3, 2007 by the Minister of Construction and Transportation on the instant district, the part related to the instant district is as follows.

[Main Matters of Approval and Notification of Execution Plan of Sep. 3, 2007]

1. Building-to-land ratio of a neighborhood living facility on September 3, 2007 1. The location of the building line line and the building-to-land ratio shall be 70% or less. 2. The building line and the building-to-land ratio shall follow the guidelines of the district unit plan. 3. Neighborhood living site shall be encouraged to be set up in order to create a unified price in the front of the building by withdrawing at regular intervals from the front road so that the integrated landscape can be formed. 4. The location and width of vacant lots within the site of the neighborhood living facility (the front vacant site, public lighting, and public pedestrian walking passage) shall follow the guidelines, and the construction standards shall follow the guidelines p. 3. 60:

G. In the public notice given by the Minister of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs on December 15, 2010 and September 28, 2012, the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs announced the aforementioned contents, and in accordance with the district unit planning guidelines, the Building Limit Line should be set at three meters from the road boundary lines in order to secure a public landscape area.

H. Meanwhile, when the Plaintiffs filed a civil petition on the grounds that the building-to-land ratio is lower, the Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, on December 6, 2013, changed the details of the plan on the place of neighborhood use in the development plan, implementation plan modification, and announcement of the implementation plan in the instant district into “the location of the Building Limit Line and the building-to-land designated line shall comply with the district unit planning guidelines,” and as a result, the location and width of the Building Limit Line and the building designated line shall comply with the Building Ordinance in Kimcheon-si.”

[Ground of recognition] Facts without dispute, Gap evidence 1 through 10, Eul evidence 1 through 8 (including those with a number; hereinafter the same shall apply) and the purport of the whole pleadings

2. The plaintiffs' assertion

A. Although each land supply notice states "70% of the building-to-land ratio" or "70% of the building-to-land ratio (hereinafter referred to as "land ratio")", Plaintiff A received a new building plan from Hosan Construction Co., Ltd. around October 2012 and received the new building plan from Hosan Construction Co., Ltd. on and around October 2012, and thus, the building-to-land ratio was merely 54.94% and could not be constructed. This is a default due to the Defendant'

B. Article 5(2) of the instant sales contract is obligated to pay to the Plaintiffs the amount calculated by applying the rate of delayed damage under Article 2 from the purchase price already paid to the Defendant where the period of land use is delayed due to a delay in construction due to a cause attributable to the Defendant. Therefore, as for the 412 days from October 30, 2012, which was publicly announced as the scheduled date for soil use after July 24, 2012, which was the date of full payment of the purchase price of land No. 1, the date of full payment of the purchase price of land, the date of full payment of the purchase price of land No. 1, and the date of full payment of land No. 2, which was after July 24, 2012, the building-to-land ratio from October 30, 2012 to December 16, 2013, the Defendant is obligated to pay damages to the Plaintiffs by 14% per annum.

A. Whether the defendant's non-performance of obligation is recognized

Examining whether the Defendant failed to perform the full obligation under each of the instant sales contract by the due date for its own fault, the respective statements in the Evidence Nos. 4, 7, and 8 were as follows: (a) on May 27, 2009, indicated the building-to-land ratio (hereinafter 70%) on the supply portion of the Gyeongbuk Development Project (living Measures, etc.) attached to the notice of supply of the site for the Gyeongcheon Innovation City (living Measures, etc.) on May 27, 2009; (b) around July 6, 2009, Northcheon Innovation City (No. 4 Sections); (c) multi-family housing (joint use of stores); (d) multi-family housing (joint use of stores); and (d) on the “the table of the general supply amount for the neighboring facilities that are attached to the notice of supply of kindergarten site; and (e) on the grounds that the Plaintiffs filed a civil petition on the lower building-to-land ratio, the Defendant initially announced that the building-to-land ratio would be secured on November 131, 20.

그러나 다른 한편으로, 앞서 든 증거, 을 제9, 11호증의 각 영상 및 변론 전체의 취지에 의하여 인정되는 아래와 같은 사정, 즉 ① 2009. 5. 27.자 공고의 유의사항에 " 분양신청 시에는 본 공고문, 매입신청 유의사항, 개발계획 및 실시계획, 환경·교통 등 각종영향평가 협의내용 , 지구단위계획, 에너지사용계획 및 토지이용에 관한 제반 관계 법규와 건축 관련 법규(조례 포함) 등을 사전에 열람·확인(향후 변경사항도 포함)하여 야 하고, 이를 준수하지 못함으로써 발생하는 책임은 매수인에게 있다", "개발계획승인 도서 및 분양관련도서는 한국토지공사 경북혁신도시건설단에 비치되어 있으니 열람하 시기 바라고, 지구단위계획상 건축제한 기준(건폐율, 용적률, 층수 등 )은 최고한도임을 유념하시기 바랍니다"라고 공고되어 있는 점, ② 2009. 5. 27.자 공고에 첨부된 표를 보면 "근린생활시설용지는 전면도로로부터 일정간격 후퇴하여 건축하여 건축물 전면에 통일된 가로경관이 형성될 수 있도록 배치할 것을 권장한다"라고 기재되어 있고, 그 옆에 제1의 나항 기재 표에 있는 것과 같은 근린생활시설 배치 예시도가 있는데, 그 예시도를 보면 대지 내에 빈 공간(공지) 이 생긴다는 것을 충분히 알 수 있는 점 , ③ 2009. 7. 6.자 공고의 유의사항에도 "매수인은 매입신청 전에 공급공고문, 게시공고문, 매입유의사항, 개발계획 및 실시계획 승인내용과 지구단위계획내용 등을 사전에 반드 시 열람·확인하시고 매입신청하시기 바랍니다", "사업지구의 개발계획 및 실시계획 등 의 인허가 사항이 변경될 수 있고, 이에 따른 획지면적 및 형상, 토지이용계획(세대수, 용적률, 면적 등), 주변토지의 용도 등이 변경될 수 있으며 토지사용가능시기 등이 연 기될 수 있으므로 이로 인한 변경내용에 대하여는 매수인이 수인 하여야 합니다", "지구 단위계획에 별도로 언급되지 않은 사항은 건축 당시의 건축법, 학교보건법 및 주차장 법과 지자체 관련조례 등 관련 법령을 반드시 열람·확인·준수하여야 하고 이를 확인하 지 못함으로써 발생되는 책임은 매수인에게 있으며, 규제내용이 상이한 경우에는 강화 된 법규내용에 따라야 합니다"라고 기재되어 있어 매수인에게 이 사건 각 토지에 대하 여 구체적인 건축제한 사항을 확인할 책임을 부과하고 있는 점, ④ 이 사건 지구에 대 한 2007. 9. 3.자 실시계획승인 및 고시에 '공공조경'이라 함은 지구단위계획에서 건축 선 벽면선 등의 지정으로 전면도로 경계선과 그에 면한 건축물의 외벽선 사이에 확보 된 대지안의 공지 중 가로미관의 증진, 지역사회의 동질성 표현, 쾌적한 보행환경 조 성, 소음억제, 생태적 건강성 확보 등을 위하여 지침도에서 공공조경으로 지정된 공지 를 말하는데, 이때 '공공조경 '은 해당 필지의 개발 주체 즉 수분양자가 건축물의 신축 시 이를 시행한다 " 고 규정하고 있는 점, ⑤ 또한 그 고시에는 건축한계선 및 건축지정 선의 위치는 지구단위계획 지침도에 따라 전면도로로부터 일정 간격 후퇴하여 건축하 여 건축물 전면에 통일된 가로경관이 형성될 수 있도록 배치할 것을 권장하고 있고, 근린생활시설의 대지내 공지의 위치와 폭은 지침도를 따르도록 하고 있으며, 관계도면 은 경상북도, 김천시, 한국토지공사에 비치하여 공개하였으므로 원고들이 그 고시 및 관계도면을 열람하였다면 지구단위계획 지침도 등에 따라 제한되는 이 사건 각 토지의 구체적인 건축제한에 관한 사정들을 손쉽게 알 수 있었던 것으로 보이는 점, ⑥ 이 사 건 지구의 용지들은 건축에 있어 건축선, 외벽의 재료, 형태, 건축물의 높이, 지붕의 형 태 및 높이, 담장, 색채 등 많은 부분에 제한이 있기 때문에 일반적인 토지를 매수하는 경우와는 달리 이 사건 지구의 용지를 매수하는 사람들은 각종 제한들에 대하여 계약 전에 개발계획승인도서 , 분양관련도서 , 관련 법규, 조성계획 등을 확인할 필요가 있는 점, ⑦ 원고들은 피고의 사무실에 방문하여 열람하거나 문의하는 등의 방법으로 이 사건 각 토지의 구체적인 건축한계선 등 건축제한 사항을 파악할 수 있었음에도 그러 한 조사나 문의를 해 보지 않았던 점, ⑧ 특히 원고들이 분양받은 이 사건 각 토지의 경우는 도로에 접한 코너에 위치하고 있어 지구단위계획 지침도 등에 따라 공공조경면 적을 확보할 경우 실제 건축할 수 있는 부지의 면적이 다른 용지보다 더 줄어들게 되 는데, 이는 각 공고문에 표시된 건폐율 자체의 문제로 인한 것은 아닌 점, ⑨ 각 공고 문 및 고시에 표시된 건폐율은 이 사건 각 토지에 어떠한 경우에도 건축이 가능한 바 닥의 면적비율이 아니라 이 사건 지구에 다른 공법상 건축제한 사항이 없을 때의 대지 전체 면적 중 건축이 가능한 바닥 면적의 비율을 표시한 것인 점, ① 실제 어떤 대지 에 건물을 건축할 수 있는 부분은 건폐율뿐만 아니라 각 공고문 및 고시에 명확히 표 시된 지구단위계획 지침도의 건축한계선 및 건축지정선의 위치, 공공조경 등의 다른 공법상 제한에 따라 결정되는 것이어서 어떤 대지 전체 면적 중 실제 건축이 가능한 부분의 면적 비율은 건폐율에 관한 제한 이외에 그 개별 토지의 위치나 형상, 건축한 계선 및 건축지정선, 개발계획의 일부 변경 등에 따라 차이가 날 수 있는 점 , ① 이 사 건 각 토지 중 실제 건축이 가능한 부분의 면적 비율(현실적인 건폐율) 이 감소한 것도 각 공고문과 고시에 표시된 지구단위계획 지침도의 건축한계선 및 건축지정선의 위치 와 공공조경 설치 등의 다른 공법상 제한에 따른 것이고, 건폐율 자체의 제한 때문인 것은 아닌 점 , ② 즉 이 사건 각 토지는 건폐율 제한 면에서는 전체면적의 70 % 까지는 건축할 수 있기 때문에 이 사건 각 토지에 관한 공급공고에 건폐율 표시가 사실과 다 르게 표시되었다고 할 수 없는 점, ③ 피고는 원고들에게 이 사건 각 매매계약의 내용 에 따른 이 사건 각 토지를 토지사용시기까지 조성공사를 완료하여 인도한 점 등을 종 합하며 보면, 원고들이 매입한 이 사건 각 토지 중 실제 건축할 수 있는 바닥 면적의 비율(현실적인 건폐율) 이 감소한 것은 지구단위계획 지침도상의 건축한계선, 건축지정 선, 공공조경 등의 다른 공법상 제한으로 인해 발생한 것으로서 건폐율의 제한에 따른 것이 아니어서 피고의 이 사건 각 토지의 공급공고상의 건폐율 표시에 있어 어떠한 잘 못이 있다고 볼 수 없고, 또 피고는 이 사건 각 토지의 공급공고에 건축한계선, 건축지 정선 및 공공조경 등에 관한 건축제한 사항을 명시하였으므로, 앞서 본 사실만으로는 피고가 이 사건 각 토지의 공급공고에서 명시한 건폐율을 보장하여 주지 못해서 이 사 건 각 매매계약상의 채무를 불완전하게 이행하였다고 볼 수 없고, 그밖에 달리 이를 인정할 만한 증거가 없다.

B. Determination on the claim for delay damages under the agreement

The following circumstances are acknowledged by the overall purport of evidence Nos. 1 and 2, namely, ① Article 5(2) of the sales contract of this case provides for the defendant's compensation in cases where the period of land use is delayed due to the delay of the creation work caused by the defendant's cause attributable to the defendant; ② "the period of land use" refers to the period when the construction work can be commenced physically. This is a special provision for protecting the trust of the buyer who can not start the construction due to the delay of the construction work caused by the intentional cause attributable to the defendant although the duty of payment was faithfully performed, and thus, it is reasonable to interpret that the defendant's claim for delay damages corresponding to the delayed period is limited to the defendant's cause. ③ The defendant supplied each of the land of this case to the plaintiffs according to the period of land use, and further, on December 16, 2013, each of the land of this case is difficult to acknowledge that the plaintiffs purchased each of the land of this case without any cause attributable to the defendant's sales contract of this case.

4. Conclusion

Therefore, the plaintiffs' claims of this case shall be dismissed in its entirety due to the lack of reasonable grounds, and the judgment of the court of first instance is just, and the plaintiffs' appeal is dismissed in its entirety due to the lack of reasonable grounds, and it is so decided as per Disposition.

(Presiding Judge)

E. E. H.L.

applicable law