All appeals are dismissed.

The grounds of appeal are examined.

Examining the evidence duly adopted and examined by the lower court and the first instance court, the lower court was justifiable to have determined that all the facts charged against the Defendants were guilty on the grounds stated in its reasoning.

In doing so, there were no errors by exceeding the bounds of the principle of free evaluation in violation of logical and empirical rules, or by misapprehending the legal doctrine on the expression of punishment as to the establishment of a crime of violation of the Act on Promotion of Utilization of Information and Communications Network and Information Protection, Etc. (Defamation) and the crime

Therefore, all appeals are dismissed. It is so decided as per Disposition by the assent of all participating Justices on the bench.