The judgment of the court below is reversed.

The defendant is innocent. The summary of this judgment shall be notified publicly.

1. The summary of the grounds for appeal is that the defendant, as the believers of religious organizations, refused to enlist in the army according to his religious conscience and has justifiable grounds under Article 88 (1) of the Military Service Act;

Nevertheless, the lower court erred by misapprehending the legal doctrine, thereby adversely affecting the conclusion of the judgment.

2. The summary of the facts charged is that the Defendant did not enlist in the military for three days from the date of enlistment without justifiable grounds, even though he received a written notice of enlistment from a person subject to enlistment in active duty service, around November 7, 2015, and from December 21, 2015, “to be enlisted in the Army Training Center at the time of enlistment” from the date of enlistment without justifiable grounds.

3. Determination

A. The lower court found the Defendant guilty of the instant facts charged on the ground that the refusal of enlistment on active duty based on a religious conscience does not constitute “justifiable cause” under Article 88(1) of the Military Service Act.

B. In determining whether there exists “justifiable cause” as prescribed by Article 88(1) of the Military Service Act, not only the purpose and function of the Military Service Act, the location where the performance of the duty of military service has been carried out in the overall legal order including the Constitution, the social reality and the change of the times, etc., but also the specific and individual circumstances that the Defendant is faced

Military service objection and so-called conscientious objection mean refusing to perform the duty of military service accompanied by military training or arms on the ground of conscientious decisions based on conscience established in religious, ethical, moral, philosophical or similar motives.

It is not reasonable in light of the constitutional system of guaranteeing fundamental rights, including the freedom of conscience, and the overall legal order, and also violates the spirit of free democracy such as tolerance and tolerance of minority objectors.

Therefore, it is based on genuine conscience.