All appeals are dismissed.

The Defendants’ grounds of appeal are also examined.

The judgment below

Examining the reasoning in light of the evidence duly admitted by the court below, the court below was just in finding the Defendants guilty of violating the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act due to market price manipulation among the facts charged in the instant case on the grounds as stated in its reasoning. In so doing, the court below did not err by failing to exhaust all necessary deliberations and exceeding the bounds of the principle of free evaluation of evidence, or by exceeding the bounds of the principle of logic and experience, or by misapprehending the legal principle on the "profit accrued from the violation" under Article 44

Therefore, all appeals are dismissed. It is so decided as per Disposition by the assent of all participating Justices on the bench.