All appeals are dismissed.

The grounds of appeal are examined.

For the reasons indicated in its holding, the lower court found the Defendants guilty of the fraud by deceiving each of the facts charged in the instant case from each of the instant charges.

The judgment below

Examining the reasoning in light of the relevant legal principles and the evidence duly admitted, the lower court’s aforementioned determination is justifiable, and contrary to what is alleged in the grounds of appeal, there were no errors by misapprehending the legal doctrine on causation between deception and disposal in fraud.

On the other hand, the Defendants appealed against the entire judgment of the court below, but the remaining guilty portion is not indicated in the petition of appeal or the appellate brief.

Therefore, all appeals are dismissed. It is so decided as per Disposition by the assent of all participating Justices on the bench.