1. All appeals by the defendant against the plaintiffs are dismissed.

2. The defendant's total costs of the lawsuit after the appeal are filed.

1. The reasoning for this Court’s citing the judgment of the court of first instance is the same as that of the part concerning the reasoning of the judgment of the court of first instance, and thus, this is acceptable pursuant to the main sentence of Article 420

Then, the judgment of the court of first instance is just, and the defendant's appeal against the plaintiffs is dismissed as it is without merit. It is so decided as per Disposition by the assent of all participating Justices on the bench.