All appeals are dismissed.

The grounds of appeal are examined together.

The judgment below

Examining the reasoning in light of the evidence duly admitted, the lower court was justifiable to have determined that the instant facts charged was guilty on the grounds stated in its reasoning.

In so doing, contrary to the allegations in the grounds of appeal, there were no errors by misapprehending the bounds of free evaluation of evidence in violation of logical and empirical rules, or by misapprehending the legal principles on the act of lending the name in violation of the Framework Act on the Construction Industry.

Therefore, all appeals are dismissed. It is so decided as per Disposition by the assent of all participating Justices on the bench.