All appeals are dismissed.

Of the costs of appeal, the Plaintiff’s appeal is due to the Defendant’s appeal.

The grounds for appeal by the plaintiff and the defendant are also examined.

On the grounds indicated in its reasoning, the lower court determined that the Defendant’s tort liability against the instant accident was recognized, and limited the Defendant’s liability for KRW 88,00,000 for the Plaintiff’s damages caused by the instant accident to 60%.

In light of the relevant legal principles and records, the above determination by the court below is just, and contrary to the allegations in the grounds of appeal, there were no errors by misapprehending the legal principles regarding the establishment of tort, calculation of damages, limitation of liability, etc., or by misapprehending the rules of evidence, etc.

Therefore, all appeals are dismissed, and the costs of appeal are assessed against the losing party. It is so decided as per Disposition by the assent of all participating Justices on the bench.