beta
(영문) 대전지방법원 2010. 11. 24. 선고 2010구합2410 판결

매매계약이 해제되어 양도가 아니라는 주장의 당부[국승]

Case Number of the previous trial

Cho High Court Decision 2009Hu4252 (2010.03.09)

Title

Appropriateness of the assertion that the contract was rescinded and the transfer was not made.

Summary

The claimant's assertion that the sales contract has been terminated due to the fact that the sales contract was concluded to transfer all land and all sales balance were received.

The decision

The contents of the decision shall be the same as attached.

46 46 46 46 46 46 48

1. The plaintiff's claim is dismissed.

2. The costs of lawsuit shall be borne by the Plaintiff.

Purport of claim

The Defendant’s disposition of imposition of KRW 259,294,467 against the Plaintiff on May 1, 2009 shall be revoked.

쇠鹬 쇠鹬 3000 쇠鹬 3000

1. Details of the disposition;

A. On September 8, 2005, the Plaintiff entered into a sales contract with Nonparty U.S.A, who was engaged in real estate brokerage business, to transfer 94,625 square meters of land of 12 lots listed on the list of real estate owned by the Plaintiff in the land transaction permission zone (hereinafter “instant land”) to Nonparty U.S.A., who was engaged in real estate brokerage business, KRW 850,000,000,000, and received full payment of the purchase price until April 2006.

B. The United StatesA, without completing the registration of ownership transfer with respect to the instant land under its own name, sold the remaining land, other than 55,847 square meters in total, 3 lots of three parcels of land 55,847 square meters in total, 572-11 square meters in each of the instant land divided from Dari 51-1, Dari 51-10 in each of the instant land, 34,863 square meters in each of the instant land, 572-11 square meters in each of the instant land, 572-13,430 square meters in each of the instant land, and 5,847 square meters in each of 5,554 square meters in each of the instant land (hereinafter “instant land”). However, the United StatesA, in relation to the report of capital gains tax, was the most presumed to have been directly transferred from the Plaintiff to 4 other than the twoF and paid capital gains tax to the Plaintiff in lieu of the Plaintiff.

C. On September 13, 2007, the Defendant notified the Daejeon District Prosecutors' Office BB branch office of the said U.A of the unregistered resale taxation data, and conducted an investigation into capital gains tax against the Plaintiff. Considering that the Plaintiff did not report capital gains tax despite having transferred the entire land of this case to U.A., on May 9, 2009, imposed capital gains tax of KRW 295,932,850 for the Plaintiff for the year 2006, but revised the amount of tax imposed on August 23, 2009 to be reduced to KRW 259,294,460 for the amount of tax imposed on August 23, 2009 (hereinafter the above reduced tax disposition as of May 9, 2009).

D. The Plaintiff appealed and filed a tax appeal seeking revocation of the instant disposition with the Tax Tribunal on November 27, 2009 on August 1, 2009, but was dismissed on March 9, 2010.

[Ground of recognition] Facts without dispute, Gap evidence 1 to Eul evidence 3, Eul evidence 1 to Eul evidence 3, Eul evidence 5, Eul evidence 6, Eul evidence 8 (including each branch number), the purport of the whole pleadings

2. Whether the instant disposition is lawful

A. The plaintiff's assertion

On July 25, 2008, the Plaintiff asserted that, with respect to the instant land between U.S. and U.S.A., the sales contract was retroactively terminated, since the Plaintiff returned the purchase price to the said U.S.A with respect to the instant land, and the collective security right under the name of the debtor U.S.A, which was established on the instant land, partially rescinded the sales contract with the purport of cancelling the contract at the same time as the refund of the purchase price, the sales contract on the said portion was retroactively terminated. Although the instant land was not actually transferred to the Plaintiff, such as the title of registration remains, the instant land was deemed to have been transferred to

B. Relevant statutes

It is as shown in the attached Form.

(c) Fact of recognition;

(1) In relation to the construction of a multifunctional administrative city on October 6, 2005, the Plaintiff agreed to transfer the instant land designated as a land transaction permit zone to Nonparty U.S. on February 11, 2003 in total amount of KRW 850 million. The Plaintiff agreed to pay KRW 320 million on October 31, 2005 to Nonparty U.S. on the condition that the Plaintiff succeeds to the loan borrowed from the NA community credit cooperatives, and the first intermediate payment of KRW 100 million on October 31, 2005; the second intermediate payment of KRW 230 million on November 30, 2005; and the second intermediate payment of KRW 230 million on December 30, 2005. In addition, at the time, the Plaintiff agreed to issue a certificate of personal seal impression necessary for the sale and purchase of the instant land unregistered by the U.S. government.

(2) Of the instant land, DBC 51-1 forest land 78.71 square meters in DB, D. 51-1 forest land 78.71 square meters in DB, D. 31 October 31, 2005 were divided into 51-11 forest land 3,680 square meters in ri, 51-12 forest land in 51-12 forest land in 51,710 square meters in 51-13,926 square meters in 1,71-13 forest land in 50 square meters in 50 square meters in 571-27,554 square meters in 50 square meters in 1,57,554 square meters in 50 square meters in 1,571-27,554 square meters in 1,571-27,554 square meters in 205 and 251-361,574 square meters in 206.

(3) Meanwhile, among the pertinent land at BB, D. D. 572-10 square meters and 572-11 square meters and 13,430 square meters of forest land at BB, D. D. 572-10 square meters and 572-11 square meters were established on July 7, 2008 as a creditor BB Dong Credit Union, the maximum maximum debt amount of 150 million won, the debtor Hah HH (the spouse of the Buyer), and on April 9, 2008, the 205 M-100 square meters was established on January 4, 2010, and the 207 M-100 square meters of forest land, which was the debtor U.S. 205 square meters, was terminated, and the said mortgage was established on January 7, 2010, and the 2005 square meters of forest land at 500,000,000 won was established.

(4) 유AA은 2006. 4.경까지 앞에서 약정한 매매대금을 원고에게 모두 지급하였으나 자신의 명의로 소유권이전등기를 경료하지 아니한 채, 이 사건 토지 중 이 사건 쟁점토지를 제외한 나머지 토지들을 소외 양NN, 김OO, 채PP, 이QQ, 박RR 등 5 명에게 양도하였고, 당시 원고는 유AA의 부탁에 따라 원고로부터 직접 위 매수인들에게 소유권이전등기를 마칠 수 있도록 원고 명의의 인감증명서를 교부하여 주는 등 협력하여 주었다. 또한 유AA은 양도소득세 신고와 관련하여서 원고가 직접 위 양NN 외 4인에게 위 토지들을 양도한 것처럼 가장하여 양도세 신고를 한 후 원고 대신 양도소득세 165,219,483원을 납부하였다.

(5) The instant land sold by the Plaintiff to United StatesA was released from the land transaction permission zone on January 30, 2009.

(6) On September 13, 2007, the Daejeon District Public Prosecutor’s BB Branch Office investigated U.S.A. into the charge of violating the Farmland Act on the ground that the land of this case was filled with soil and stones on five lots of land, includingCC Dori 513, etc., and the Plaintiff did not complete the registration of ownership transfer even though the Plaintiff sold the land of this case to U.A., and the U.S. discovered that the remainder of the land of this case, other than the land of this case, was unregistered to both NN, etc., and notified the Defendant of the fact that the sale was not registered.

(7) Accordingly, the Defendant had conducted on-site verification on December 17, 2008 - December 26, 2008. At the time of the investigation, the Plaintiff, as of July 25, 2008, deemed that the first sales contract was made between the Plaintiff and the Defendant and the public official in charge of the Defendant, and the sales price (30,000 won per square year) was cancelled, and the sales price (30,000 won per square year) was returned to the United StatesA immediately after the Plaintiff sells the purchase price. At the same time, the United StatesA submitted an agreement (Evidence 7) with the purport of returning the purchase price to the Plaintiff and cancelling the right to collateral security established on the land at the issue of this case. However, the Defendant deemed that the said agreement was made by the Plaintiff for the purpose of evading tax imposition between the United StatesA and was effective on the ground that it was impossible to trust.

(8) Until now, the Plaintiff returned the purchase price for the instant land to the United StatesA, or the United StatesA terminated the right to collateral security established on the instant land with himself and his spouse as the debtor, as seen earlier.

[Ground of Recognition] Facts without dispute, each of the evidence mentioned above, Eul evidence No. 9, Eul evidence No. 11 (including each number), the purport of the whole pleadings

D. Determination

(1) The transfer income tax is levied on the premise that the transfer of assets and income accrued therefrom are subject to taxation. If the sales contract was rescinded by agreement, the effect of the sales contract would be lost, and the transfer of assets would not take place (see Supreme Court Decision 92Nu944, Dec. 22, 1992). Therefore, if the sales contract for the instant key land was lawfully rescinded by agreement between the Plaintiff and UAA pursuant to the instant agreement, it cannot be deemed that the sales contract was retroactively invalidated and the transfer of assets was made.

(2) Therefore, examining whether the sales contract between the Plaintiff and the United StatesA with respect to the land at issue of this case has been terminated, in light of the following various circumstances recognized by the above recognition, the agreement cancellation agreement between the Plaintiff and the United StatesA with respect to the instant land at issue of this case on July 25, 2008 was concluded in collusion for tax evasion, etc. and its validity is not recognized.

즉, ① 원고는 이 사건 토지에 대한 매매계약을 체결할 당시 부동산중개업자인 유AA이 미등기 전매를 위하여 매수한다는 사정을 알고서 향후 그에 필요한 위임장이나 매도용 인감증명서를 교부하여 주기로 약정하였고, 이후 유AA으로부터 매매 대금을 모두 수령한 다음 이 사건 쟁점토지를 제외한 나머지 토지들을 순차적으로 제3 자에게 매도한 유AA의 부탁에 따라 전전매수인들에게 직접 소유권이전등기가 경료될 수 있도록 인감증명서등을 발급받아 주었던바, 이와 같이 매매계약의 이행이 완료된 상황에서 이 사건 쟁점토지들에 대한 매매계약만을 그로부터 3년 정도 경과한 시점에서 해제할 만한 별다른 사정은 찾아보기 어려운 점(뒤에서 보는 바와 같이 합의약정서는 원고에 대한 양도소득세부과 및 유AA의 미등기 매매에 따른 책임을 회피하기 위하여 작성된 것으로 보인다), ②유AA은 이 사건 토지 중 이 사건 쟁점토지들을 제외한 나머지 토지들을 양NN 등에게 미등기 전매한 후인 2007. 8.경 검찰에서 농지법위반 혐의로 수사를 받던 중 이 사건 토지에 대하여 원고와 미등기 매매를 하고, 일부 토지는 미등기 전매한 사실이 적발되어 2007. 9. 3. 피고에게 통보되었던바, 피고로부터 이에 대한 세무조사가 임박하자 그때까지 제3자에게 전매된 토지들을 제외한 이 사건 쟁점토지에 대하여는 원고에 대한 양도소득세 부과나 유AA에 대한 미등기 전매에 대한 책임을 회피하기 위하여 해제를 가장하기 위해서 합의약정서(을 제7호증)를 작성한 것으로 보이는 점, ③ 합의약정서에 의하면 이 사건 토지 중 일부인 이 사건 쟁점 토지에 관해서만 매매계약을 해제한다는 것인데 실제로 원고와 유AA이 진정한 해제 의사로 약정한 것이라면, 원래의 매매대금, 지가변동 및 이자에 따른 금액조정 내역, 유AA의 양도소득세 대납에 따른 정산 등 원상회복의 시기 및 방법에 관하여 구체적으로 명시되어야 함이 상당함에도 반환할 대금액수에 관하여 평당 30,000원이라고만 기재하였을 뿐 금액조차 구체적으로 특정하지 않았고, 특히 계약금은 유AA이 원고의 채무를 승계하는 조건이었기 때문에 매매계약의 일부만 해제된 이 사건에서 매매대금 의 정산이 필요함에도 이에 대한 구체적인 언급이 전혀 없는 점, ④ 더욱이 해제약정 당시 이 사건 쟁점토지 중 BB시 CC면 DD리 572-10 같은 리 572-11 각 토지들에는 유AA이 금원을 차용하면서(이는 이 사건 토지를 매수하는 자금을 마련하기 위해서 비롯된 것으로 보인다) 설정한 유AA의 처 정HH가 채무자로 된 BB동부신용 협동조합 명의의 채권최고액 150,000,000원 근저당권과 유AA이 채무자로 된 최JJ 명의의 채권최고액 150,000,00원 근저당권, 그리고 이 사건 쟁점토지 중 같은 리 571-2 토지에는 유AA이 매수한 이후 설정된 채무자 성LL, 근저당권자 합동새마을 금고인 채권최고액 3억 9,000만 원의 근저당권이 존재하고 있었으므로, 유AA으로서는 채권최고액 기준으로 6억 9,000만 원에 이르는 차용금의 이자부담 등을 면하기 위해서라도 최초 이 사건 매매계약 체결 때처럼 위 각 근저당권의 채무자 지위를 원고가 승계하여 반환할 매매대금으로 정산하는 것으로 약정함이 현실적으로 타당한 것으로 보임에도 불구하고 장래 불특정한 시점에서 매매대금의 반환을 조건으로 근저당권을 말소하여 주기로 불리한 약정을 하였다는 것은 쉽게 수긍하기 어려운 점, ⑤ 또한 합의약정서에 의하면, 원고가 유AA에게 반환할 매매대금은 507,699,999원[= (55,847㎡ /3.3㎡) x 30,000원] 정도인데, 합의약정 당시 이 사건 쟁점토지에 설정된 위 각 근저당권의 채권최고액 합계액은 6억 9.000만 원으로서 반환할 매매대금을 훨씬 상회하고 있는바, 반환할 매매대금을 초과하는 근저당권의 피담보채무에 대한 구체적인 처리 방법이 없이 합의약정을 한다는 것은 사회통념상 매우 이례적인 점, ⑥ 원고와 유AA 사이의 합의약정 이후인 2009. 11. 27. BB시 CC면 DD리 571-2 임야에 설정된 위 합동새마을금고 명의의 채권최고액 3억 9,000만 원의 근저당권이 말소되었던바, 이 사건에서 원고는 유AA에게 계약해제에 따른 원상회복으로서 매매대금을 반환한 바가 없음에도 불구하고 유AA이 원고 소유의 이 사건 위 쟁점토지에 대한 근저당권의 피담보채무를 스스로 변제하여 말소한다는 것은 납득하기 어려운 점, ⑦ 또한 원고 입장에서도 매매계약 해제이후에 위 근저당권의 피담보채무를 유AA이 제대로 이행하지 않는 경우에는 근저당권이 실행될 우려가 있으므로 오히려 매매대금의 반환에 갈음하여 이를 인수하는 것이 근저당권의 실행을 방지할 수 있어서 합리적이라고 할 것이나 합의약정서에 이에 대한 언급이 전혀 없는 점, ⑧ 오히려 합의약정서 작성 이후에도 유AA이 이 사건 쟁점토지 중 BB시 CC면 DD리 571-2 임야에 대한 합동새마을 금고 명의의 근저당권의 피담보채무를 변제하여 말소하였고 이 사건 쟁점토지들에 대하여 2010. 1. 25. 최SS에게 근저당권을 설정하여 주는 등 적극적인 처분행위를 하였던 것으로 보이는 점, ⑨ 위 BB시 CC면 DD리 571-2 임야는 2010. 1. 25. 최MM에게 매도하여 소유권이전등기가 경료 되었음에도 불구하고 원고가 이에 대한 매매대금 상당을 유AA에게 반환하지도 않았고, 나아가 위 해제약정서가 작성된 때로부터 2년이 경과하도록 원고는 유AA에게 계약해제를 원인으로 하여 대금을 전혀 반환하지 아니하였을 뿐만 아니라 유AA은 자신 및 배우자를 채무자로 하여 설정한 근저당권을 해지한 바도 없어서 위 합의해제 약정에 대한 실질적인 이행이 이루어진 사정을 찾아보기 어려운 점 등에 비추어 보면, 이 사건 해제약정서에 기재된 원고와 유AA 사이의 해제합의는 검찰 및 피고의 세무조사로 말미암아 양도소득세의 부과가 예상되는 상황에서 이들이 조세를 회피하기 위하여 행한 허위의 의사표시로서 무효로 봄이 상당하다.

(4) Therefore, the defendant's argument pointing this out is with merit, and the plaintiff's argument that the part concerning the land of this case was removed from the original sales contract is not acceptable. Thus, the defendant's disposition of this case on the premise that the contract was rescinded, and that the transfer was made between the plaintiff and the United StatesA with respect to the whole land of this case is lawful.

3. Conclusion

Therefore, the plaintiff's claim of this case is dismissed as it is without merit, and it is so decided as per Disposition.