The costs of appeal are assessed against the defendant, including the part arising from the supplementary participation.

This case is a small-sum case and can be appealed only under the grounds of the subparagraphs of Article 3 of the Trial of Small Claims Act. The ground of appeal does not fall under the ground of appeal.

Therefore, the appeal is dismissed, and the costs of appeal are assessed against the losing party, including the portion arising from the participation in the appeal. It is so decided as per Disposition by the assent of all participating Justices.