The litigation costs for retrial shall be borne by the defendant.

The grounds for appeal by the Defendant (Plaintiffs for review) do not constitute grounds for retrial under each subparagraph of Article 451(1) of the Civil Procedure Act.

Even upon examining records, the grounds for retrial prescribed in the above subparagraphs cannot be found in the judgment subject to retrial.

Therefore, the retrial costs are dismissed, and the costs of retrial are assessed against the losing party. It is so decided as per Disposition by the assent of all participating Justices.