The judgment below

Even if examining the reasoning in light of the relevant legal principles and evidence duly admitted, the lower court did not err by exceeding the bounds of free conviction due to violating logical and empirical rules, or by misapprehending the legal doctrine on the scope of application under Article 55(3) of the Tourism Promotion Act, contrary to what is alleged in the grounds of appeal.

Therefore, all appeals are dismissed. It is so decided as per Disposition by the assent of all participating Justices on the bench.