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(영문) 대전지방법원 2012.11.7.선고 2012구합1374 판결

국제적멸종위기종(사육곰)용도변경재승인처분취소

Cases

2012Guhap1374 Revocation of revocation of approval of change in use of internationally endangered species (shareed species)

Plaintiff

Is 00

Defendant

The basin basin basin basin environmental office

Conclusion of Pleadings

September 26, 2012

Imposition of Judgment

November 7, 2012

Text

1. The plaintiff's claim is dismissed.

2. The costs of lawsuit are assessed against the Plaintiff.

Purport of claim

On December 28, 2011, the defendant revoked the renewed approval of the alteration of international endangered species against the plaintiff.

Reasons

1. Details of the disposition;

가 . 원고는 2011 . 12 . 20 . 피고에게 야생동 · 식물보호법 제16조 제3항 , 같은 법 시행 규칙 제22조 제1항에 따라 1985년 이전에 재수출을 위하여 수입한 반달가슴곰으로부 터 증식된 2001년생 반달가슴곰 수컷 2마리 ( 이하 ' 이 사건 곰 ' 이라고 한다 ) 에 대하여 그 용도를 ' 웅담 , 웅지 ( 곰기름 ) , 가공용품 재료 ' 로 변경해 달라는 취지의 국제적멸종위 기종 용도변경 승인신청을 하였다 ( 이하 ' 이 사건 승인신청 ' 이라고 한다 ) .

B. On December 28, 2011, the Defendant approved the change of the use of the instant share to the Plaintiff, and issued a renewed approval to limit the use of the instant share to the pharmaceutical (culatory) for medicinal use (hereinafter “instant disposition”).

[Ground of recognition] Facts without dispute, Gap evidence Nos. 1 through 3, 5, 4-1 and 2, the purport of the whole pleadings

2. Whether the instant disposition is lawful

A. The plaintiff's assertion

1) procedural defect.

원주지방환경청은 2010 . 11 . 24 . 최OO의 반달가슴곰 용도변경 승인신청에 대하여 ' 약용 및 가공품의 재료로 사용할 수 있도록 용도변경을 승인한 사실이 있는바 , 피고 는 동일한 취지의 이 사건 승인신청을 불허하면서도 합리적이고 객관적이며 타당한 이 유를 제시하지 않고 있으므로 , 이 사건 처분은 행정절차법 제23조 제1항을 위반한 것 으로 위법하다 .

2) substantive defect

이 사건 곰은 1985년 수입된 반달가슴곰으로부터 증식된 사육곰으로 멸종위기종 으로 보호를 받고 있는 야생곰과는 전혀 다른 특수가축화된 곰이므로 , 이 사건 곰의 용도를 가공용품 재료로 변경하는 것을 승인하지 않은 이 사건 처분은 법령상 근거 없 이 원고의 재산권을 침해하는 것이고 , 재량권을 일탈하거나 남용한 것으로 위법하다 .

(b) Relevant statutes;

The provisions of the attached Table shall be as specified in the statutes.

C. Determination

1) Determination on the assertion of procedural defects

Article 23 (1) of the Administrative Procedures Act provides that " When an administrative agency takes a disposition, it shall present the basis and reasons to the party except for ① in the case of a disposition that is recognized as all of the contents of the application (Article 1); ② in the case of a simple and repetitive disposition or minor disposition where the party can clearly understand the reasons therefor; ③ in the case where urgent action is necessary, (Article 23 (1) of the Administrative Procedures Act (Article 3)."

이 사건에 관하여 보건대 , 갑 제6호증 , 을 제9호증의 1 , 2의 각 기재에 변론 전체 의 취지를 더하여 인정할 수 있는 다음과 같은 사정 , 즉 ① 환경부장관이 2005 . 3 . 9 . ‘ 사육곰 용도변경 승인 시의 유의사항 통보 ' 라는 제목으로 각 유역 ( 지방 ) 환경청장에게 ' 사육곰의 용도변경 승인 시 웅담 등을 약재로 사용하는 경우 이외에 곰 고기 등을 식 용으로 판매하는 용도로 변경하고자 하는 경우에는 용도변경승인 불허 등의 조치를 하 고 용도변경승인 업무처리 시 용도변경목적 및 사용내역 , 부산물 처리계획 , 처리장소 및 방법의 적정성 등을 2005 . 3 . 7 . 송부한 사육곰관리지침에 따라 면밀히 검토하여 처 리하여 주시기 바란다는 취지의 공문을 보냈던 점 , ② 그에 따라 피고를 비롯한 각 유 역 ( 지방 ) 환경청장은 위 공문을 수령한 이후 일률적으로 웅담을 약재로 사용하기 위한 경우 외에는 사육곰에 대한 용도변경 승인을 해 주지 않고 있는 점 , ③ 원고가 주장하 는 최00이 신청한 용도변경 승인의 경우 원주지방환경청장의 2010 . 11 . 24 . 자 용도변 경승인서의 변경 후 용도란에 ' 약용 및 가공품의 재료 ' 라고 되어 있기는 하나 , 최OO 이 작성한 2010 . 11 . 22 . 자 신청서에는 신청용도가 ' 웅담용 약용재료 ' 라고 기재되어 있는 바 , 원주지방환경청장이 웅담을 약재로 사용하는 용도 이외에 사육곰을 다른 가공용품 재료로 사용하기 위한 용도변경을 승인한 것은 아닌 점 , ④ 국제적멸종위기종으로 지 정된 사육곰의 경우 우리나라에서 일정한 요건 하에 웅담채취용으로만 사용할 수 있을 뿐 그 외의 목적으로는 사용할 수 없다는 것은 널리 알려진 사실이고 , 특히 1990년부 터 반달가슴곰 등을 사육하고 있던 원고는 이를 잘 알고 있었을 것으로 보이는 점 등 에 비추어 보면 , 이 사건 처분은 단순 · 반복적인 처분으로서 당사자가 그 이유를 명백 히 알 수 있는 경우에 해당되므로 , 피고가 이 사건 처분 당시 상세한 근거 및 이유를 제시하지 않았다고 하더라도 , 그것이 행정절차법 제23조 제1항을 위반한 것이라고 보 기는 어렵다 .

Therefore, the plaintiff's above assertion is without merit.

2) Determination on the assertion of substantive defects

Article 16(1) of the Protection of Wild Fauna and Flora Act provides that internationally endangered species and products processed therefrom may be imported or brought into Korea with permission from the chief of the environmental department. Article 16(3) of the same Act provides that internationally endangered species and products processed therefrom imported or brought into Korea with such permission shall not be used for purposes other than importation or bringing into Korea: Provided, That where the change of use is inevitable and the Minister of Environment has obtained approval as prescribed by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Environment, the change of use may be permitted. Accordingly, Article 22(1)4 of the Enforcement Rule of the Protection of Wild Fauna and Flora Act provides that “When intending to use them as materials of processed products by importing or bringing in them for re-export (including vehicles imported or brought into Korea) the burden of artificial breeding (including vehicles reproduced from imported or brought into Korea) and this is prohibited from using them for any purpose other than the purpose of using them for which approval is granted to the head of the regional environmental agency, in principle, in accordance with the structure and language of each provision, only the change of use is permitted for any specific purpose other than the purpose of use.

A) First of all, we examine whether the burden of this case increased from the charge imported for re-export before 1985 constitutes "internationally endangered species" subject to the above legislation.

살피건대 , ① 야생동 · 식물보호법 제2조 제3호는 “ 국제적멸종위기종 ” 이라 함은 멸종위기에처한야생동 · 식물종의 국제거래에 관한협약 ( 이하 “ 이 사건 협약 ” 이라고 한다 ) 에 의하여 국제거래가 규제되는 다음 각목의 1에 해당하는 동 · 식물로서 환경부장관이 고시하는 종을 말한다 ' 고 규정하고 있는바 , ‘ 국제적멸종위기종 ' 은 생물 분류의 기초 단 위인 동 · 식물의 ' 종 ' 을 기준으로 지정되어 있는 것으로 , 어느 특정한 상황에 놓인 동 · 식물만을 의미하는 것은 아닌 점 , 1 ) ② 이 사건 곰이 속하는 반달가슴곰 ( 학명 : Ursus thibetanus ) 은 1979 . 6 . 28 . 이래 이 사건 협약 부속서 I에 등재되어 있고 , 대한민국은 1985 . 7 . 1 . 상공부 고시로 곰의 수입을 금지하였으며 , 1993 . 7 . 9 . 이 사건 협약에 가 입하였는바 ( 1993 . 10 . 7 . 발효됨 ) , 이 사건 곰이 속하는 반달가슴곰은 야생동 · 식물보호 법상의 ‘ 국제적멸종위기종 ' 에 해당하는 점 , ③ 야생동 · 식물보호법 제16조 제5항이 ' 제 1항 본문의 규정에 의하여 허가를 받아 수입 또는 반입된 국제적멸종위기종으로부터 증식된 종은 제1항 본문의 규정에 의하여 수입 또는 반입허가를 받은 것으로 보며 , 처 음에 수입 또는 반입된 국제적멸종위기종의 용도와 동일한 것으로 본다 ' 고 규정하고 있고 , 앞서 본 바와 같이 야생동 · 식물보호법 시행규칙 제22조 제1항 제4호가 국제적 멸종위기종의 하나인 ' 재수출을 하기 위하여 수입 또는 반입하여 인공사육중인 곰 ' 의 용도변경 승인에 대하여 규정하면서 그 대상이 되는 곰에 수입 또는 반입한 것으로부 터 증식한 개체를 포함한다 ' 고 규정하고 있는바 , 수입된 곰으로부터 증식된 곰도 동일 하게 취급하고 있는 점 등을 종합하여 보면 , 이 사건 곰 역시 위 법령의 적용을 받는 ' 국제적멸종위기종 ' 에 해당함이 분명하다 .

B) Next, we examine whether the instant disposition deviates from or abused its discretion.

While Article 16(3) of the Protection of Wild Fauna and Flora Act provides for a provision that limits the use of wild fauna and flora only in cases where the use is inevitable, the application for the change of use can only be made pursuant to Article 22(1)4 of the Enforcement Rule of the same Act, and there is room for discretion in determining the inevitability of the change of use that can be approved due to the absence of any provision in cases where the change of use is inevitable, it also belongs to the administrative agency’s discretion to determine the necessary criteria for determining the inevitability of the change of use as a requirement for approving the change of use. Thus, barring any special circumstances where the established criteria are objectively combined or unreasonable, the administrative agency’s intent should be respected as far as possible (Supreme Court Decision 2010Du23033 Decided January 27, 201).

이 사건에 관하여 보건대 , 환경부장관이 2005 . 3 . 9 . 피고 등에게 보낸 ‘ 사육곰 용 도변경 승인 시의 유의사항 통보 ' 에는 사육곰의 용도변경 승인 시 웅담 등을 약재로 사용하는 경우 외에 곰 고기 등을 식용으로 판매하는 용도로 변경하고자 하는 경우에 는 용도변경 승인 불허의 조치를 하도록 되어 있는 사실 및 피고가 위 통보에 따라 이 사건 처분을 한 사실은 앞서 본 바와 같은바 , 위 통보는 용도변경이 불가피한 경우를 ' 웅담 등을 약재로 사용하는 경우 ' 로 제한하는 기준을 제시한 것으로 , ① 이 사건 곰이 속한 반달가슴곰의 경우 야생동 · 식물보호법 시행규칙 제2조 [ 별표 1 ] 에서 멸종위기 포유류 1급인 11개의 동물종 중 하나로 규정하고 있는바 , 다른 종류의 곰들에 비하여 더 특별한 보호를 요하는 동물인 점 , ② 멸종위기에 처한 동 · 식물을 보호하기 위해서 는 기존에 있는 개체수를 보존하는 것에서 더 나아가 적극적으로 개체수를 증식시키고 증식된 개체들까지도 보호하는 조치를 취할 필요가 있는바 , 수입된 반달가슴곰으로부 터 증식된 곰의 경우에도 마찬가지로 보호의 필요성이 있는 점 , ③ 위 통보에서 용도 변경을 허용하고 있는 반달가슴곰의 웅담을 채취하여 약재로 사용하는 것마저도 국제

In light of the fact that there is a voice of criticism in Korea as well as inside and outside the Republic of Korea (each flag of evidence Nos. 2 and 3), and (4) wroth (in the case of charge), if it is permitted to slaughter to use it as a whole due to the spread of the whole body of the charge, it would be in fact permitted to dispose of it through a complete decomposition of the charge. This is contrary to the purport of the Act on the Protection of Wild Fauna and Flora, which prohibits the use of internationally endangered species except for inevitable purposes, and it seems to be contrary to the purport of the Act aimed at protecting wild animals and plants and preventing their extinction, thereby securing a sound natural environment where people and wild animals and plants coexist, and thus, it cannot be objectively unreasonable or unreasonable in light of the purpose or purport of the Act, and thus, it is also difficult to criticize that the foregoing criteria deviates from and abused discretion on the disposition of this case taken in accordance with such notification.

3. Conclusion

Therefore, the plaintiff's claim of this case is dismissed as it is without merit, and it is decided as per Disposition.

Judges

Judges Kim Jong-ri

Judges Kang Jin-hee

Judges Lee Jae-sung

Note tin

1) The Protection of Wild Fauna and Flora Act provides for the concept of " endangered wild fauna and flora" and " endangered wild fauna and flora" and provides for mountain, sing or lectures.

Protection of wild fauna and flora that inhabit or grow in a tobacco state shall be provided, and among them, endangered species shall be protected.

In particular, the concept of "internationally endangered species" is separate from the concept of "internationally endangered species".

(b) provide more special protection regardless of whether it is or not.

Site of separate sheet

Site of separate sheet

Relevant statutes

- Wild Animal and Plant Protection Act

Article 1 (Purpose)

The purpose of this Act is to prevent extinction of wild fauna and flora by systematically protecting and managing wild fauna and flora and their habitats, to maintain the balance in the ecosystem by promoting biodiversity of organisms, and to secure a healthy natural environment in which people, wild fauna and flora coexist.

Article 2 (Definitions)

The definitions of terms used in this Act shall be as follows:

1. " Wild fauna and flora" means any Dong and plant species that inhabit or grow in their natural surroundings, such as mountain, wild, or rivers;

2. The term " endangered wild fauna and flora" means animals and plants falling under any of the following items:

(a) Class of endangered wild fauna and flora: Endangered wild fauna and flora because the population has significantly decreased due to natural or artificial threats;

Species prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Environment as wild fauna and flora in peril, subject to consultation with the heads of relevant central administrative agencies.

(b) Class II endangered wild fauna and flora: the population of endangered wild fauna and flora has significantly decreased due to natural or artificial threats;

Where present threats are not removed or mitigated, there may be risk of extinction in the near future.

Species prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Environment as wild fauna and flora after consultation with the heads of related central administrative agencies.

3. The term "internationally endangered species" means the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (hereinafter referred to as the "Convention on Species of Wild Fauna and Flora");

Environmentals as referred to in any of the following items, in which international transactions are regulated by the International Trade Convention (hereinafter referred to as the “Trade Convention”):

type publicly notified by the chief of the Department.

(a) International trade in endangered species, which are affected or may be affected by international trade, among endangered species;

As set out in Annex I to the Convention;

(c) Endangered where the international trade is not at present, but does not strictly regulate;

regulation shall be placed in order to effectively control the transactions of the endangered species and their endangered species.

other species prescribed by Annex I to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species.

Regulation within the jurisdiction of its own country for the purpose of restricting the use by the Parties to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species

Any determination that cooperation from other Parties is necessary for the regulation of international trade and that such cooperation is required.

Species, as provided for in Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species

Article 16 (Regulation of International Trade, etc. in Endangered Species)

(1) Those who intend to export, import, take out, or bring in internationally endangered species and products processed therefrom shall be classified as follows:

The permission of the Minister of Environment shall be obtained: Provided, That this shall not apply to processed products using internationally endangered species.

pharmaceutical products permitted to export, import, or bring in under the Pharmaceutical Affairs Act, and international destruction as prescribed by Presidential Decree;

The same shall not apply to the cases of the Class 3 and the processed products thereof.

1. It shall be compatible with the regulation on transactions according to the species included in the Annex (I, II, III) to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species;

2. That the exportation, importation, release, or bringing in of animals and plants does not jeopardize the existence of the species;

3. It shall meet the detailed permission requirements by Annex to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species prescribed by Presidential Decree.

(3) Species threatened with extinction internationally endangered species and processed products thereof imported or introduced with permission under the main sentence of paragraph (1) shall be such species.

No use shall be made for any purpose other than entry or bringing in: Provided, That it is inevitable to change the use, as prescribed by Ordinance of the Ministry of Environment

this shall not apply to the cases approved by the Minister of Environment.

(5) Species reproduced from internationally endangered species imported or introduced with permission under the main sentence of paragraph (1).

It shall be deemed that permission for import or bringing in has been obtained pursuant to the main sentence of paragraph (1), and the country first imported or brought in;

It shall be deemed as having the same use as that of the anti- endangered species. In this case, the use has been changed under the proviso of paragraph (3).

The use of the species reproduced from internationally endangered species shall be deemed the same as that of the modified species.

- Enforcement Rule of the Wild Fauna and Flora Protection Act

Article 2 ( Endangered Wild Fauna and Flora)

Endangered wild fauna and flora under subparagraph 2 of Article 2 of the Wild Fauna and Flora Protection Act (hereinafter referred to as the "Act") shall be as specified in attached Table 1.

Article 22 (Approval for Alteration of Use of Species Endangered with Extinction Endangered Species)

(1) The International Extinguishment of Species pursuant to the proviso to Article 16 (3) of the Act in any of the following cases:

A person who intends to obtain approval for changing the purpose of use of species and processed products thereof shall change the purpose of use to the head of a local environmental agency.

An application for approval shall be filed.

4. Charges received or brought in for re-export and artificially raised (such charges as have been reproduced from imported or brought in);

Where it is intended to use any endangered wildlife as a material for processed products (including vehicles) and it meets the processing standards referred to in attached Table 5 [Attachment 1]

2. Potables;

(a) Class I endangered wildlife;

(c) Class I endangered wildlife;

[Attachment 5] Criteria for disposal of the burden (related to Article 22 (1) 4)

A person shall be appointed.