The finding of guilt in a criminal trial shall be based on evidence with probative value sufficient for a judge to have a reasonable doubt that the facts charged are true, and if there is no such proof, even if there is doubt of guilt against the defendant (see, e.g., Supreme Court Decisions 2001Do2823, Aug. 21, 2001; 2005Do8675, Mar. 9, 2006). Furthermore, the selection of evidence and probative value of evidence conducted on the premise of fact finding belong to the free judgment of the fact-finding court (Article 308 of the Criminal Procedure Act). The lower court determined that the evidence submitted by the prosecutor alone alone constitutes a case where the defendants conspired to alter the documents 1 of this case and forged the documents 2 of this case, or that each of the forged documents was exercised on purpose without reasonable doubt, and thus, acquitted the defendants.

The allegation in the grounds of appeal is the purport of disputing the determination of facts by the lower court, and is merely an error of the lower court’s determination as to the choice of evidence and probative value, which belong to the free judgment of the fact-finding court. In addition, even if examining the reasoning of the lower judgment in light of the above legal doctrine and the record, the lower court did not err in its judgment by exceeding the bounds of the principle of free evaluation in violation

Therefore, the appeal is dismissed. It is so decided as per Disposition by the assent of all participating Justices on the bench.