1. Examining the reasoning of the lower judgment as to Defendant A’s grounds for appeal in light of the evidence duly admitted by the lower court, the lower court was justifiable to have found Defendant A guilty of the facts charged in the instant case (except for the portion without charge) on the grounds indicated in its reasoning, and did not err by misapprehending the legal doctrine on the establishment of a joint principal offender without

2. Examining the reasoning of the lower judgment on the grounds of Defendant D’s appeal in light of the evidence duly admitted by the lower court, it is justifiable for the lower court to have imposed an additional collection of KRW 25 million on Defendant D for the reasons indicated in its reasoning, and contrary to what is alleged in the grounds of appeal, the lower court did not err by exceeding the bounds of the principle of free evaluation of evidence in violation of logical and empirical rules

3. Therefore, all appeals are dismissed. It is so decided as per Disposition by the assent of all participating Justices on the bench.